Manufacture of nuts.



No. 819,844. PATENTED MAY 8, 1906 0. BRIEDE. MANUFACTURE OF NUTS.

APPLICATION FILED 0014,1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WA m 5-93 WITNESSES:

' 4 5 b INYENTO R? 6'59! OIL Bum, $69M A q mm.

PATENT OFFICE.

OTTO BRIEDE, OF BENRATH, GERMANY.

MANUFACTURE OF NUTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.v

.I'atentea May 8, 1906.

Application filed October 4, 1904. Serial No. 227,149.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OTTO BRIEDE, a citizen of the Empire of Germany, residing at Benrath, in the Province of the Rhine and Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Nuts, of which improvements the following is a specification.

The invention described herein relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of nuts, washers, &c.; and it consists, generally stated, in circumferentially grooving a rod smaller transversely than the nut or washer desired, thereby forming a series of connecting-blanks, bringing the said blanks to the desired external shape and dimensions by forcin thereinto metal from the previouslyshape blank and the neck connecting sad blanks, and separating the first blank from the next adjacent blank by the operation of the npunch, whereby a portion of the first bla is removed therefrom and forced with the neck portion into the succeeding blank.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Fi ure 1 isa sectional elevation illustrating t e dies, retaining or holding box, pressing-plunger, and

punch in the position occupled by them on' the completion of a nut-blank. g. 2 is a similar view illustrating the same parts, holding-box, ressin -plun er, and unch being remove and t e finis ed blan also removed. Fig. 3 is'a similar view of the same parts, showing the dies separated and the blanks fed forward one step. Fig. 4 is a similar View of the same parts, showing the dies closed, the holding-box shifted to operative position, and the pressing-plunger and punch about to descend to complete the lank. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a means for clrcumferentially grooving a rod or bar, and F.'.g. 6 is a sectional elevation on a plane indicated by the line V1 V1, Fig; 5.

In t e practice of my invention a rod or bar is ooved circumferentially at intervals depen ent upon the thickness of the nut or blank to be' produced, thereby forming a series of blanks a b, &c., connected by necks of metal 2, which should not be reater in trans verse dimensions than the diameter of the hole to be punched in the blank. These blanks are fed in between movable dies 3 and 4, which are provided with a shaping-matrix 5 and preferably with a holding cavity or matrix 6. At the beginning of the operation on a series of connected blanks the first blank will be fed into the shaping-matrix, the dies 3 and 4 closed, vand the punch moved down so as to project into the first blank, displacing the metal thereof laterally. The punch is then withdrawn, the dies 0 ened, and the series of blanks fed forwar the partiallyshaped blank into position outside of the dies 3 and 4. The latter are now closed, a preliminary blank a being inclosed in the matrix 5 and another blank I) in the ripping or support cavity 6, if such is emp oyed. The retaining-box 7, the sides of whLch are preferably made in the form integral with each other and movable toward and from the dies 3 and 4, is moved in, inclosing the partiallyformed first blank. The pressing-plunger 8 and the punch 9 are next move in, the former bearing against the partially-formed blank and the punch entering the same. The inward movement of the punch is cont'nued through the retaining-matrix formed by the box 8 and sides of the die-blocks 3 and 4 into the shaping-matrix 5, thereby forcln into thenext blank a portion of the meta from the blank (1 in the retain ng-matrix and from the neck 2 connecting the first and second blanks a and I) held in the shaping-matrix,

thereby causingthe lateral enlargement of this blank in the shaping-matrix. It will be understood, of course, that the first blank of a series will be incomplete, no metal having been forced therelnto to produce the necessary lateral enlar ement. On the completion of the inwar movement of the unch the latter is withdrawn, together wit the plunger and retaining-box 7. As the neck 2, connecting the adjacent blanks, is made of a diameter not greater and preferably equal to the diameter of the hole to be formed in the blanks, and consequently that of the punch also, the movement of the punch through the opening between the retaining and shaping LII therein lateral dies 3 and 4 are now closed, the blank I) being in position on top of the dies 3 and 4, preliminary blanks being inclosed in the matrix 5 and retaining-cavity 6. The retaining-box is next brought into position around the blank I), the plunger and punch forced downward, the former compressing the nut verti,

cally and completing its external shape. The punch during the operation of the compressing-plunger has entered cavity 00, formed in the previous operation. The punch continues its movements inward, forcing the metal out of the central portion of the blank I) and the metal of the neck connecting such blank with the next adjacent preliminary blank down into the shaping-matrix, thereby enlarging the reliminary blank contained y and completely filling the matrix.

A gripping or supfporting cavity 6 is not necessary, but is pre erred, as it will prevent any material flow of metal out from the shaping-matrix during the operation of the punch.

The grooving of the bar or rodsmay be effected during the rolling of the same or subsequent thereto and either before the bar is fed into the shaping-machine or while it is being fed thereinto, as shown in Fig. 5. grooving maybe done by reciprocating blades or by rollers 10, which are carried around the rod and forced inwardly while the rod is held in the shaping-dies. In the construction shown in Fig. 5 these rollers are loosely mounted on pivotal arms 11, arranged in radial slots 12 in the driving wheel 13-. These rollers are carried around the rod by the Wheel 13 and 14 and are forced inwardly to groove the rod by means of a collar or sleeve 14, provided with inclined surfaces bearing on inclined surfaces on the arms 11.

It is characteristic of the operation described that the blanks are enlarged by forcing thereinto an additional body of metal, which is preferably taken from a preceding ,blank in part at least; also, that in so doing each punch-stroke completes the perforation of one nut-blank and artially perforates the next blank, and as a l the displaced metal maybe forced into the body of the nut the op .eration can-be carried on without waste of material; also, that a blank is severed or separated from an adjacent blank by the displacement of metal connecting it withsuch This next adjacent blank; also, that the final or complete perforation of the blank, the severance of such blank from the parent rod, and a partial or preliminary perforation of the next blank are all effected by a single punchstroke. I

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the several matrices hereinbefore referred to may be formed in any substantial manner, as in the adjacent faces of separable die-blocks; but it is preferred that the retaining-matrix in which the punching operation is performed should be formed by a box or cylinder 8, arranged around and movable arallel with the pressing-plunger and punch It will also be seen that the distance which the punch enters each blank in the making of the cavity a: may be varied somewhat, as also the length of the neck 0, and while I have described the metal at the bottom of the cavity as and lying in the path of the punch as being forced forward into the body of the next blank it may be that more or less of it sometimes will be displaced laterally.

I claim herein as my invention 1 1. As an improvement in the art of manufacturing nuts, the method herein described or bar-thereby forming a series of relimlnary blanks connected by necks 0 metal, and enlarging said blanks by forcing thereinto.a portion of the metal of the adjacent blankand the neckof metal connecting said blanks, substantially as set forth.

facturing nuts, the method herein described which consists in forming a series of blanks smaller than the desired article and then laterally enlarging said blanks, by forcing into one blank a ,portion of the metal of an adj a cent blank.

3. As an improvement in the art of manuwhich consists in forming a series of connected blanks having reduced connectingnecks and separating one of the blanks from the succeeding blank by forcing the connecting-neck into the succeeding blank.

4. As an improvement in the art of manufacturing nuts, the method herein described which consists in transversely grooving a rod or bar thereby forming a series of connected blanks, and by a single punch-stroke punching out the metal at the center of one blank and forcing the metal so removed into t e next blank.

5. As an improvement in the art of r nufacturing nuts, the method herein described which consists in transversely grooving a bar or rod thereby formin a series of connected blanks, unching out t e metal at the center facturing nuts, the method herein described which bonsists in peripherally grooving a rod 2. As an improvement in the art of manu of one lank and forcing the metal so re- I artial or reliminaryferforation of another 10 lank, an stroke, substantially as described.

all at an by a single punch- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set OTTO BRIEDE.

my hand.

Witnesses WILLIAM ESSENWEIN, PETER LIEBER. 

